High plasma B2M is associated with renal failure, inflammation and neoplasms (particularly those associated with B-lymphocytes e.g. myeloma where serial measurements may be useful). B2M may also be used to assess renal tubular function, particularly where kidney transplant rejection manifests as tubular failure. Elevated levels are also increased in: glomerulopathies; renal failure; amyloidosis; rheumatoid arthritis; and autoimmune diseases
